What does nail pterygium refer to?

Nail pterygium refers to an abnormal condition where skin or tissue grows or is stretched over the nail plate, often due to trauma or other underlying issues. This condition typically occurs when the nail bed or matrix is compromised, allowing the surrounding skin to encroach upon the nail area. It's important to understand that pterygium is different from other nail disorders as it involves a physiological change resulting from skin interaction with the nail.

In contrast, a fungal infection under the nail pertains to an entirely different issue, as it primarily involves a pathogen affecting the nail structure rather than an abnormal skin condition. Nail polish removal is generally not a direct cause of pterygium, though it could potentially irritate the skin or nails if not done properly. An overgrowth of cuticle, while it may look similar, refers specifically to excess skin at the base of the nail rather than the skin stretching over the nail plate. Therefore, recognizing nail pterygium as a condition related to skin encroaching on the nail is crucial for proper understanding and treatment.