Which of the following is a characteristic of bacteria?

Bacteria are unicellular organisms that possess the ability to reproduce independently, which is a fundamental characteristic of their biology. This means they can grow and divide on their own without requiring the presence or assistance of other organisms. This reproductive capability typically occurs through a process called binary fission, where one bacterial cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

This characteristic distinguishes bacteria from more complex organisms that often require the combination of gametes for reproduction. While some bacteria are harmful and some can indeed survive in extreme conditions, these traits do not define all bacteria. Additionally, bacteria are very much cellular; they contain cellular structures that allow them to function and survive, further solidifying that reproduction capability is the most defining characteristic here.