Which of the following qualifications is necessary for a disinfectant to be EPA approved?

For a disinfectant to be EPA approved, it must demonstrate efficacy against a wide range of pathogens, which includes being effective as a viruside, fungicide, bactericide, and disinfectant. This means that in order for a product to earn the EPA's approval, it must be tested and proven to kill viruses, fungi, and bacteria, as well as to perform overall disinfection.

This specification ensures that the disinfectant is not only effective but also versatile in a variety of environments where different pathogens may be present. Therefore, option C accurately encapsulates the necessary qualifications for a disinfectant to gain EPA approval, focusing on its broad-spectrum efficacy.

Options such as being absorbent, odorless, or environmentally friendly do not align with the primary qualifications that are essential for EPA approval, which is rooted in the efficacy and safety of the disinfectant in terms of pathogen elimination and not particular properties like odor or environmental impact.